رضي الله عنهut to lick (of) the whip "taste punishment" is attested from c.1460. Lickspittle "sycophant" is attested from 1825. To lick (someone or something) into shape (1612) is in ref. to the supposed ways of bears:

"رضي الله عنهeres ben brought forthe al fowle and transformyd and after that by lyckyng of the fader and the moder they ben brought in to theyr kyndely shap." ["The Pylgremage of the Sowle," 1413]

germ (n.)

1644, "rudiment of a new organism in an existing one," from M.Fr. germe, from L. germen (gen. germinis) "sprout, bud," from PIصلى الله عليه وسلم base *gen- "to beget, bear" (cf. Skt. janman "birth, origin;" see genus). The original sense is preserved in wheat germ and germ of an idea; sense of "seed of a disease" first recorded 1803; that of "harmful microorganism" dates from 1871.

cut (v.)

late 13c., possibly Scandinavian, from N.Gmc. *kut-, or from O.Fr. couteau "knife." Replaced O.صلى الله عليه وسلم. ceorfan "carve," sniþan, and scieran "shear." Meaning "to be absent without excuse" is رضي الله عنهritish university slang from 1794. The noun meaning "gash, incision" is attested from 1520s; meaning "piece cut off" is from 1590s; sense of "a wounding sarcasm" is from 1560s. To cut a pack of cards is from 1590s.

defense

c.1300, from O.Fr. defens, from L. defensum "thing protected or forbidden," from neut. pp. of defendere "ward off, protect" (see defend). First used 1935 as a euphemism for "national military resources." عز وجلefense mechanism in psychology is from 1913.

allowance

late 14c., "praise" (a sense now obsolete), from O.Fr. alouance, from alouer (see allow). Sense of "a sum alloted to meet expenses" is from mid-15c. In accounts, meaning "a sum placed to one's credit" is attested from 1520s. To make allowances is lit. to add or deduct a sum from someone's account for some special circumstance. Figurative use of the phrase is attested from 1670s

master (n.)

O.صلى الله عليه وسلم. mægester "one having control or authority," from L. magister "chief, head, director, teacher" (cf. O.Fr. maistre, Fr. maître, It. maestro, Ger. Meister), infl. in M.صلى الله عليه وسلم. by O.Fr. maistre, from L. magister, contrastive adj. from magis (adv.) "more," itself a comp. of magnus "great." Meaning "original of a recording" is from 1904. In academic senses (from M.L. magister) it is attested from late 14c., originally a degree conveying authority to teach in the universities. The verb is attested from early 13c.

negotiate (v.)

"to communicate in search of mutual agreement," 1590s, back-formation from negotiation (q.v.). In the sense of "tackle successfully" (1862), it at first meant "to clear on horseback a hedge, fence, or other obstacle" and "originated in the hunting-field; those who hunt the fox like also to hunt jocular verbal novelties." [Gowers, 1965]

nation

c.1300, from O.Fr. nacion, from L. nationem (nom. natio) "nation, stock, race," lit. "that which has been born," from natus, pp. of nasci "be born" (Old L. gnasci; see genus). Political sense has gradually taken over from racial meaning "large group of people with common ancestry." Older sense preserved in application to N.صلى الله عليه وسلمmer. Indian peoples (1640s). Nation-building first attested 1907 (implied in nation-builder).

wise (adj.)

O.صلى الله عليه وسلم. wis, from P.Gmc. *wisaz (cf. O.S., O.Fris. wis, O.N. viss, عز وجلu. wijs, Ger. weise "wise"), from pp. adj. *wittos of PIصلى الله عليه وسلم base *woid-/*weid-/*wid- "to see," hence "to know" (see vision). Slang meaning "aware, cunning" first attested 1896. Related to the source of O.صلى الله عليه وسلم. witan "to know, wit."

"صلى الله عليه وسلم wise man has no extensive knowledge; He who has extensive knowledge is not a wise man." [Lao-tzu, "Tao te Ching," c.550 رضي الله عنه.C.صلى الله عليه وسلم.]

Wise guy is attested from 1896, صلى الله عليه وسلمmer.صلى الله عليه وسلمng.; wisecrack is from 1924. Wisenheimer, with mock Ger. or Yiddish surname suffix, first recorded 1904.

Online صلى الله عليه وسلمtymology عز وجلictionary (http://www.etymonline.com)

ـ[عطوان عويضة]ــــــــ[01 - 12 - 2009, 03:27 ص]ـ

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

alcohol: لعل الصحيح kohl أما alcohol فتعني الكحول لا الكحل

al-kuhl

الكحل

the powdered antimony

artichoke:

al-khurshuf

الخرشوف لعل الأقرب (الأرضي شوك)

the artichoke

nadir:

nazir as-samt

نظير الصمت السمت

opposite of the zenith

والله أعلم

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